Kwayedza
Wendy Madzura
PANGUVA ino yemwaka, tinokurudzira kurimwa kwesugar beans nokuti imbeu inovandutsa utano kuburikidza nokuunza kudya kwemhando inovaka muviri (proteins). Sugar beans imbeu inobatsira pakuchengetedzwa kwenharaunda (sustainable agriculture) ichivandudza utano kuvanhu.
Varimi yeukai kuti kurima kwemazuva ano kwave kwebhizimusi nokudaro murimi anofanira kuvavarira kurima zvinopa maguta kumhuri pamwechete nenyika. Kana nyika yawana maguta (food security) panobva pave nemukana wekutengesa beans kunyika dzokunze Zimbabwe yowana mari yekushandisa senyika.
Sugar beans ndeimwe yembesa dzinokwanisa kupa murimi mari yakawanda kana dzikarimwa zvakanaka.
Murimi anokwanisa kuwana madhora maviri padhora rega-rega raanenge ashandisa kurima bhinzi ($1 per every dollar invested) ndokunge dzarimwa zvakanaka.
Nokudaro varimi vanofanira kucherechedza zvose zvinoita kuti vawane pundutso kubva mukushanda kwavo.
Kurima zvine pundutso kunobva pazviga zviviri zvinoti kusarudza mbeu nehungwaru pamwechete nekurima zvakanaka mumunda.
Chokutanga kana mbesa yesugar beans yamera, murimi anofanira kupfapfaidza mushonga unobatsira kuti dzisabatwa negonye rebean stem maggot. Gonye iri idambudziko guru kusugar beans zvikuru kubva pakumera kusvika dzave nemavhiki mana kana mashanu. Gonye iri rinoita kuti bhinzi dzisvave kana kungooma. Varimi vanofanirwa kucherechedza padzinde rebeans, paya panobatana dzinde nevhu kuti hapana kuzvimba here nokuti kakonye aka kanokwanisa kunge kari mudzinde kachitadzisa mbesa kukura zvakanaka.
Shandisai mishonga yegonye iri musati masangana nedambudziko nokuti mukanonoka kuriona bhinzi dzinooma munda wose mukarasikirwa nemari yamunenge mashandisa kurima kana kuwana goho rakaderera. Imwe yemishonga inokwanisa kushandiswa kugonye iri inosanganisira Diazinon, asi zvakakosha kuti varimi vakurukure nevarimisi pamwe chete nemadhumeni avo kuti vawane ruzivo maringe nemishonga yekushandisa uye mashandisirwo ayo akanaka.
Gonye rinonzi Bean stem maggot handiro rega rinokanganisa murimi. Kune imwe mhando yegonye rinodya nekugura padzinde pedyo nemuvhu (cutworm ne whitegrub). Gonye iri idema uye rinogara muvhu nokudaro varimi vanokwanisa kutadza kuriona kusvika madzinde mazhinji apera kugurwa. Izvi zvinodzikisa huwandu hwemadzinde pandima, izvi zvinozodzikisawo goho.
Mishonga inokwanisa kushandiswa kugonye iri inosanganisira Lamda cyhalothrin nemimwewo. Chakakosha pakusarudza mishonga kuwana ruzivo rwakakwana rwemashandisirwo ayo nokuti ikashandiswa zvakanaka inokwanisa kupisa mbesa kana kutadza kupedza dambudziko rinenge rapinda mumunda.
Pakukura kwembesa ipi zvayo, zvakakosha kuti varimi vapinde mumunda nguva nenguva vachicherechedza kuti hapana chingada mushonga here. Izvi zvakakosha nokuti varimi vanokwanisa kuona kana twumbuyu twawanda. Mushure mekuona dambudziko mumunda, zvakakosha kuchinjanisa mishonga yekupedza dambudziko kuti pasave nemukana wekungwadza twumbuyu zvinozoita kuti twusafe nemishonga (resistance).
Pakusarudza mbeu, zvakakosha kuziva zvirwere zvinonetsa nokuti izvi zvinobatsira pakusarudza mbeu dzinozvirwira kubva kuzvirwere zvakasiyana. Mbeu dzebhinzi dzine chipo ichi dzinosanganisira SC Sharp, SC Bounty kana Bonus idzo dzinouchikwa neSeed Co. Mbeu idzi dzinoshingirira kuzvirwere zvinosanganisira chengura pamashizha (sugar bean rust), netwumavara twunenge twekutsva (angular leaf spot).
Zvakakosha kuti varimi vatenge mbeu itsva gore negore nokuti inenge yaongororwa uye iine simba rekurwisa zvirwere. Hazvikurudzirwe kudyara bhinzi dzemudura (retained seed) nokuti izvi zvinodzikisa goho.
Zvisinei nepasvika mwaka, yambiro kuvarimi vakadyara bhinzi ndeyekushandisa mishonga inobatsira kudzikisa mukana wekuti mbesa ibatwe nezvirwere. Mishonga iyi inosanganisira Cooper oxychloride kana Mancozeb asi haishande kana chirwere chatotanga. Zvakakosha kuti varimi vatsvage rubatsiro kunana mazvikokota vemishonga vasati vatenga nokuti vanokwanisa kurasikirwa nemari kana vakatenga mushonga usingaenderani nedambudziko ravanenge vachisangana naro.
Mudhumeni Mukuru, Wendy Madzura mukuru wechikamu cheAgronomy kuSeed Co Zimbabwe. Anobatatika zvakare paFacebook, nepaTwitter @WendyMadzura
