Kwayedza
Simba Gotosa
ZIMBABWE inyika ine upfumi hwakasimbirira mukurima saka taona zvakakosha kuti hurukuro yekukwiridzira goho remurimi irambe ichifambira mberi.
Mbeu yechirimwa zvairi kana zita rayo handizvo zvakakosha kumurimi, asi kuti zvinoitira mbeu iyi kumurimi kana yarimwa ndizvo zvakakosha. Zvimwe zvezvikuru pakusarudza mbeu ndezvinotevera:–
Kushingirira muzuva: Nemasiyaniro aita mwaka, mbeu inosarudzwa inofanira kupa goho chero kukapisa.
◆ Mbeu inoshingirira muzvirwere.
◆ Mbeu isingapfukutwe iri mumunda.
. Mbeu isingaputsike nhando iri mumunda.
◆ Mbeu ine goho riri pamusoro.
Kuti murimi awane goho riri pamusoro:–
i) Anofanira kumwaya fetereza inoenderana nezvakabuda pakaongororwa kweivhu rake.
ii) Anofanira kusarudza mhando yembeu inoenderana nenzvimbo yaanorima ari.
iii) Mbeu inofanira kudyarwa panotagira mwaka chaipo uye inofanirwa kudyarwa neuwandu hwakabva muongororo.
iv) Zvinokanganisa mbesa semasora, zvirwere nezvimbuyu zvinofanira kudzivirirwa.
Zvimwe zvakaongororwa zvinoderedza goho remurimi ndezvinotevera:–
Hudyi nemakonye emuivhu: Hudyi hwemuivhu hunokanganisa kumera kwembesa zvakanaka nokudaro varimi vanokurudzirwa kusanganisa mbeu dzavo nemushonga vasati vadyara, ingava mbeu yechibage, soya beans, gorosi kana sugar beans. Mishonga inokurudzirwa inosanganisa Gaucho, Cruiser, Captain, Thiram neApron Star. Mishonga iyi inodzivirira zvirwere uye humwe hudyi hunokanganisa kumera zvakanaka kwembesa.
Humwe hudyi hunokanganisa huwandu hwemadzinde mumunda makonye anonzi ma”cutworms”. Aya makonye matema anowanikwa muivhu ayo anodimbura mbesa dzichangobva kumera zvichizokanganisa huwandu hwemadzinde pandima. Makonye aya anogara muivhu achidya murakwani kana kuti huswa nembesa dzichangomera.
Kudzivirira makonye aya, varimi vanokurudzirwa kushandisa mimwe yemishonga iyi:
Carbaryl 85% WP, Fenvalarate, Karate neDecis. Mishonga inogona kushandiswa yakasanganiswa nemishonga yesora inofiritwa sora risati rabuda. Mushonga weCarbaryl 85% WP unosanganiswa neupfu zvokandwa kandwa mumunda makonye odya achifunga kuti upfu.
Varimi vanokurudzirwa kutenga mbeu kuzvitoro zvinokurudzirwa nevarimisi veSeed Co vari mudunhu mavo. Ngavaongorore kuti mbeu yavo haina kupfukutwa vasati vadyara uye yakasara gore rapera inofanira kuva yakachengeterwa pakanaka.
Chimbuyu che”larger grain borer” chinogona kukanganisa mbeu iri mumba asi kana zvavhiringika, mushonga weActellic Gold ngaushandiswe kudzivirira zvipfukuto.
Kusaongorora planter yatinoshandisa zvinogona kuderedza goho remurimi nekuti inogona kukanda tsanga shoma kana dzakawandisa pandima. Varimi vanoshandisa planter inodhonzwa nemombe vanofanirwa kuratidza murimisi weSeed Co plate yeplanter yavo ndiko kuti vaudzwe kukura kwembeu yavanofanira kudyara.
Murimi akaisa maround muplanter ine plate yemaflat, painotenderera inokuya mbeu yose zvokanganisa goho.
Kusachinjanisa mbeu mumunda (rotation) zvinodzikisira goho remurimi nekuti murimi akarima chibage mabva chibage zvirwere netumbuyu tunovhiringidza goho tunobva twawanda, kudzivirira kuyerera kwevhu repamusoro (topsoil) kunobva kwanetsa asi riri iro ivhu rine kudya kunodiwa nezvirimwa, uyewo kudzivirira kuvakika kweivhu (soil structure) kunobva kwanetsa zvekare. Midzi yembeu dzakaita sechibage, fodya, nesoya beans kana sugar beans yakasiyana saka inoshunya ivhu zvakasiyana uye inotora hunyoro kubva muivhu zvakadyika zvakasiyana.
Zvinhu zvakatoongororwa kuti kusachinjanisa mbesa kunoderedza goho remurimi. Naizvozvo, varimi vanokurudzirwa kuti pabva soya beans kana sugar beans podyarwa chibage, pabvawo chibage poiswa fodya zvichifamba zvakadaro.
Huwandu hwe fetireza inoiswa muchirimwa hunogonawo kuderedza goho. Pane zvakawanda zvinokanganisa kutorwa kwefetireza nezvirimwa zvinosanganisa zvinotevera:
a) Kuramba kunze kwakangokwidibira kwenguva yakareba
b) Imwe mishonga yesora inovhiringa kutorwa kwefetireza
c) Kusununguka kweivhu
d) Kuvava kana kutapira kweivhu
e) Kugara ivhu rakanyorova kwenguva refu
f) Ivhu rine oxygen shoma
g) Chirimwa chine midzi isina kukura zvakanaka uye tumbuyu nezvirwere zvinovhingidza midzi nemadzinde ezvirimwa.
Kushomeka kwefetireza inotorwa nezvirimwa kunokonzerwa nefetireza shoma inenge yamwaiwa, mvura ikanaya yakawandisa inogonawo kusuka fetireza kudzika pasi kusingasvikwe nemidzi yezvirimwa uye kugara munda wakangozara mvura.
Fetireza ikamwaiwa zvine huyanga inopisa mashizha embesa ayo anova ndiwo fekitori inogadzira kudya kwechirimwa.
Varimi vanenge vashandisa fetireza yepamusoro yeUrea inofanira kufutsirwa uye inofanira kushandiswa mvura yanaya yakawanda nekuti ikasiiwa iri pamusoro peivhu inoruza simba rayo.
Kurudziro kuvarimi:
Mune chikamu chapfuura takakurudzira varimi kuti vashandise mishonga yesora kuti goho ravo rikwirire asi mishonga iyi inofanira kushandiswa zvine mwero yakanyorwa pamabhodhoro kana zvigubhu zvacho. Mishonga iyi ikaiswa yakawandisa inokanganisa kukura kwemidzi, inogona kupisa mashizha uye inokanganisa kukura kwezvirimwa. Kuvhiringidzwa kwezvirimwa kunoitika pakumwaya mishonga muivhu kana kuti mushonga unogona kupupurutswa nemhepo kuenda kwausingadiwe kana kuti unogona kuva wanga wagara uri muivhu kwenguva refu.
Varimi vari kunonaya mvura yakawanda vanokurudzirwa kurima mbeu dziri muzvikwata zvakasiyana siyana. Tikatora murimi ane 3ha anogona kurima SC727, SC637, SC529 imwe neimwe hekita. Kune vari kunzvimbo dzinonaya mvura yepakati nepakati, ngavasimbirire kumbeu dzakaita seSC637, SC633, SC513, SCSC529, SC533 kana zvaoma SC403 neSC301. Varimi vari kunopisa ngavashandise vana SC513, 529.533, 403 ne301. Izvi zvinoitirwa kuti ukasanganisa mbeu chinowana imwe nemamiriro ekunze imwe inobuda zvobatsira murimi
Muzvikamu zvinotevera ticharamba tichipana hutsome hwezvinhu zvinovhiringidza goho, varimi vagara vakazvingwarira ndokuti nyika yedu ive nekudya kwakakwana uye tichizokwanisawo kutengesera dzimwe nyika. Seed Co iri kukuburitsirai chirongwa cheTalking Farming neChipiri chega chega nenguva dzinoita 17:30-18:30 hours kusvika kupera kwemwedzi waZvita.
Kuti Seed Co ndokuti mbeu . . . Kuti mbeu ndokuti Seed Co.
