Kwayedza
Mudhumeni mukuru Ivan Craig
HANYANISI tinoziwa basa radzo tose, vanhu vazhinji vanodzishandisa muchikafu kuitira kuti chinhiwirire, kuwedzera kunaka, dzichibatsira kuti munhu afafarire kudya nyangwe nevamwe vanenge vasina nhomba yekuda chikafu.
Hanyanisi kana dzarimwa zvakanaka, mashandisa mbeu yemandorokwati uye yakauchikwa munogona kuwana gohwo rinosvika kuzana pahekita (100t/ha). Asi hanyanisi inotipa gohwo iri kana tichinge tairima munguva yacho, inova April kana kuti May, uye ndokunge yarimwa nemazvo.
Hanyanisi inokwanisa kurimwa muvhu chero ripi asi rinofanirwa kunge rakadzika, risingajenge mvura, kuvava nekutapira kwaro (pH) iri pakati pe5.0 ne6.8. Munda unorimwa zvakadzika woiswa lime kana ivhu ranzi riswe lime uye munogona kuisa lime kusvika pamwedzi musati masima.
Kana murimi achida kurima hanyanisi yemanyowa (organic) anogona kuisa 30 kusvika ku50 tones pahekita yemanyowa. Kana murimi achida kurima nefetiriza yepasi, anokurudzirwa kushandisa Vegfert iri pakati pe1 000 ne1 300 kg pahekita (1 000-1 300kg/ha). Kana achida kushandisa fertiriza yepasi ivhu rinofanirwa kuongororwa kuitira kuti mushandise fetiriza inenge ichienderana nemamiriro evhu uyezve huwandu hunokurudzirwa kuiswa pahekita.
Murimi anofanira kurima zera (size of the buld) rehanyanisi inoendarana nekuti vanhu vanotenga vanoda yakakura sei. Kana muchida hanyanisi hombe munoisa mbeu shoma pahekita, kana muchida duku munoisa hanyanisi dzakawanda pahekita asi kana muchida dziri pakati nepakati dziri idzo dzinofarirwa neruzhinji, munoisa mbeu iri pakati nepakati.
Munoda mbeu inokwana 4kg pahekita kana muchifesa mbeu, asi kana muchisimira munoda mbeu iri pakati pe10-15kg pahekita.
Zera neruvara risinganetsi kutengesa:
Pane nzira mbiri dzinoshandiswa kudyara hanyanisi.
Yekutanga ndeyekuti munogona kusima hanyanisi mumunda asi dzinozoda kutupurirwa (thining) nekuzotevera zvakare dzichifukunurwa kuitira kuti hanyanisi ikure iri muzuva igokura ichipa ganda rakasimba, rinopenya zvekuti inochengeteka kwenguwa refu uyezve isinganetse kutengesa.
Imwe nzira ndeyekufesa nhondo dzinozosimwa kwapera masvondo matanhatu kana masere (6-8 weeks) ekufeswa.
Kana maisa manyowa kana kukusha fertitiza yepasi, inofanirwa kusanganiswa muvhu repamusoro nehara, modiridza kusvika ivhu raguta mvura.
Kana muchida hanyanisi duku, kubva pamutsara kuenda pamutsara munoita masendimita makumi mairi kubva panhondo kuenda panhondo moita masendimita mashanu (20x5cm).
Kana muchida hanyanisi hombe munosima kubva pamutsara kuenda pamutsara masendimita gumi nemana, kubva panhondo kuenda panhondo moita masendimita manomwe (40x7cm). Kana muchida hanyanisi iya yekuisa mubhodhoro revhiniga iri duku-duku (pickled) munosiya yamunenge mafesa ichikurira mumuhomba kusvika yaita tuvana moturega twuchiibvira mumuhomba imomo.
Kana muchida iyo ine zera riri pakati nepakati munosima kubva pamutsara kuenda pamutsara masendimita anokwana gumi nemairi nemashanu, kubva panhondo kuenda panhondo masendimita manomwe (25x7cm).
Hanyanisi dzinosimwa kana dzasvika pamasvondo matanhatu kana masere (6-8 weeks) sezvanyorwa pamusoro nhondo inenge yava pazera re”ballpoint size” kana kuti masendimita gumi nemashanu kusvika pamakumi maviri nemashanu (15-25cm). T
oisa mitsara zvichienderana nezera ramunoda, modzikisa masendimita mashanu.
Musakanganwa kuti ivhu madiridza kusvika raguta mvura. Motora nhondo muchikanda mumutsara wamachera vamwe vanotevera vachisima.
Hanyanisi inoiswa midzi chete muvhu chimwana (buld) chinosara chiri pamusoro pevhu, mashizha akati rapata kurara. Vazhinji vanoda kuona yakati twi kumira mwoyo vobva vafara kuti yabata, musanetseka inozosumuka yoga kwapera mazuva mana zvichienda mberi.
Hanyanisi inofanira kukura iri muzuva kuitira kuti ganda rikure rakasimba uye kuti ichengeteke kwenguwa yakareba muchishandisa kana kutengesa, iine ruwara rwakanaka. Mobva madiridza kana mangopedza kusima, nhondo inosara yakarara kwemazuwa matatu yozosara yosumuka, kana yangosumuka zvinoratidza kuti yabata. Rambai muchidiridza kusvikira dzaibva.
Pamasvondo mana mabva kusima isai fetireza yepamusoro 100kg pahekira yeAN. Hanyanisi haidi kuwanzwa fetiriza yepamusoro, inoita kuti hanyanisi dzikasike kuwora uye dzisinganake.
Hanyanisi kana yaibva inotyoka mitsipa, yadaro moisiya kwemasvondo mana kuti inatse kuoma mozoitipura.
Rukai mabhanzi mumabhanduru amunozoturika hanyanisi mushedhi makaoma, munotonhorera, muchifefetera uye pasingangosvika vanhu.
Potai muchimaira hanyanisi muongorora kuti hapana dziri kuwora here. Apa munenge muchidyawo asi chikuru kumirira kuti muna Ndira, Kukadzi naKurume ndipo panenge paine hanyanisi shoma munyika motengesa henyu nemazimari.
MAKWIKWI:
Mubvunzo Wechinyorwa chino:
Nyora basa rimwe chete rehanyanisi raunoziva.
Nyorerai mhinduro pafomu riri pazasi motevedza zvose zvinodiwa.
