Kwayedza
Ticha Danga—
BVUNZO rakauya tikarinyora rikapfuura. Zvatakakohwa tava kuzviziva. Chatamirira kuwana nzvimbo muzvikoro zvepamusoro zvatinoda kuburikidza nekukohwa kwatakaita.Kumusoro uko kune nhoroondo inotangira kwatakabva. Zuro redu ndiro rinovaka nhasi redu uye nhasi redu ndiro rinovaka remangwana redu. Remangwana redu kuti ritinakire zvinoreva kuti kwatabva kwakarurama uye patiri nhasi pakaswatuka zvakare.
Tinoda kutarisa kubva tichizvarwa kusvika patave iye zvino, kuti tairarama sei mupfgungwa dzedu. Kuti tiburitse kukura kwataita makare mupfungwa dzedu tinoda kutora pfungwa dzakaburitswa mutsvagiridzo dzebasa guru rakaitwa nemurume ainzi Piaget. Piaget murume akadzidza zvikuru zvidzidzo zvakanangana nepfungwa dzevanhu uye muyarukiro wadzo.
Piaget uyu akarwara kare mugore ra1896 achizoshaya mugore ra1980. Chinondinakidza ndechekuti nhoroondo yemurume uyu inotanga pakarwiswa vachena kokutanga navatema muno dakara patakazotora kuzvitonga kuzere muna 1980.
Nyaya yatinayo inyaya inoburitsa pachena zvinoitika mukuyaruka kwedu izvo zvinokonzera kuti titange tiri pamagwaro epasi tichikwira. Piaget anoti pfungwa dzemunhu dzinoyaruka dzichipfuura nemumapoka mana kana kuti zvidanho zvina. Akaburitsa pfungwa yakakosha yekuti mwana ane zvaanoita padanho rega rega zvichienderana nezera. Mwana wese anopfuura nematanho aya zvakafanana.
Danho rekutanga rekukura kwepfungwa ndere vana vane makore anobvira pakuzvarwa kusvika pamakore maviri (0-2yrs). Vana vanenge vari pachidanho chinonzi pachirungu (sensorimotor stage).
Padanho iri zvinhu zvese zvitsva kumwana. Haana munhu anomudzidzisa kuti achiyamwa. Padanho iri mitezo inofamba kwete nekuti azvifunga asi kuti zvinongoitika zvega. Chinonyanyoshanda apa ipfungwa shanu dzatakapihwa naMwari kuti tibate, tinzwe, tione, tinzwe nerurimi uye kunzwa asi tisingatange tafunga nezvazvo. Achizvarwa, mwana anenge asina ruzivo nemusoro asi kuti anongoerekana aisa chigunwe mukanwa rambei ongojaira.
Zvimwe zvinoitwa nevana pazera iri zvinodzokorodzwa nekuti zvanakidza sekurovera komichi pasi. Mwana anonakidzwa neruzha rwabuda obva atya. Kudzokorodza chiitiko ichochi, kwete kuti anga achiziva kuti ndizvo zvanga zvichifanirwa, hazvirevi kuti mwana iyeye akangwara asi kuti zvaitika zvega.
Panopera danho iri rekubva pakuzvarwa kusvika pamakore maviri, mwana anotarisirwa kushanda nezvakamukomberedza. Anotarisirwa kugona kubva pane imwe nzvimbo achienda pane imwe. Anotarisirwazve kunge ogona kubata zvinhu nemaoko ake ese kana kuti kuteedzera vamwe. Ipapo anotarisirwa kutaura nekuita zvinhu zvapinda mumusoro make.
Piaget anoti danho repiri nderevana vezera remakore maviri kusvika pamakore manomwe (2-7 years). MuchiRungu inonzi (pre-operational stage). Iri danho ndiro revana vaya vasati vagona kubatanidza kufunga kwakaswatuka neumboo huripo. Kungwara kwemwana kunobuda mumutauro.
Vana vanenge vachitora zvinhu zvakavakomberedza kana mifananidzo yavanoona sezvinhu zvechokwadi (semiotic function). Mwana akaona chiumbwa chemota (toy car) anofunga kuti imota chaiyo. Akabata chidhori anotoona kunge akabata munhu chaiye.
Pazera irori vana vanenge vaine chidakadaka chekuda kunzwisisa nekudaro vanobvunzurudza netwumwe tusina maturo. Danho irori rinokoshesa huraramo hune mhuka mukati huchinge ndiwo chaiwo. Vana vanotofunga kuti mhuka dzinotaura. Vana vanototaura nyaya dzana tsuro nagudo kunge dzechokwadi nekunzwa zvadzainzi dzinotaura uye nekuita. Danho iri rinoenderera mberi muchikamu chinoteera.
